Movement Disorders

Movement disorders

Cerebral palsy is another movement disorder. That effect movement and posture. It cannot be categorised as one single syndrome, disorder or conditions as this motor deficit can take many form. It is usually caused by brain damage. Lesions to the corticospinal tracts, basal ganglia, brain stem and cerebellum are responsible for this disorder but there are difficulties labelling the lesions with clinical finding. Brain abnormities may develop during fetal development or periods up to 3 years after birth. There are three main types cerebral palsy which are:

•       Spastic cerebral palsy
•       Dyskinesia cerebral palsy
•       Ataxic cerebral palsy  

movement disorder is the inability to produce and control movements. Simple movement require a complex system of control and impairment to the prefrontal and premotor cortex can cause movement that are too week, too forceful too uncoordinated, or too poorly controlled for the hands and in addition unwanted movement can occur unexpectedly. Examples of this disorder are:

•          Parkinson disease
•          Huntington disease
•          Tourette syndrome
•          Restless leg syndrome

 Movement is produced and coordinated by several interacting brain structures this includes the motor cortex, the cerebellum and the basal ganglia which are group structure that are deep within the brain.

 The cerebellum and the motor cortex send information to the basal ganglia to control involuntary movements whereas the basal ganglia send out information to the motor cortex to help initiate, regulate pattered movements.

Kolb, B., & Whishaw, I. Q. (2003). Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology (5th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.